VOCs冷凝回收，特别是深冷冷凝（主要为机械压缩式），之前大家称之为油气回收比较多，这是因为VOCs深冷设备主要最先运用在油气回收行业，特别是储罐装车逸散气及储罐大小呼吸逸散气的高浓度小风量的冷凝回收，除了实现环保达标，在经济效益上也比较明显，这主要是一些纯溶剂的回收的经济价值。现今，VOCs深冷运用在化工行业的预处理越来越广泛。下面我们来分享一下，VOCs冷凝回收装置设计及运维的一些要点：

　　VOCs condensation recovery, especially deep cold condensation (mainly mechanical compression type), was previously commonly referred to as oil and gas recovery. This is because VOCs deep cold equipment was first used in the oil and gas recovery industry, especially for high concentration and low air volume condensation recovery of tank loading and tank size breathing gases. In addition to achieving environmental standards, it also has significant economic benefits, mainly due to the economic value of recovering some pure solvents. Nowadays, VOCs cryogenic treatment is becoming increasingly widely used in the chemical industry for pretreatment. Below, we will share some key points for the design and operation of VOCs condensation recovery devices:

　　一、关键参数

　　1、 Key parameters

　　①预冷器运行温度在混合气各组分的凝固点以上，进入装置的混合气温度降到4℃时，可将大部分水除去，机械制冷可使大部分VOCs 冷凝为液体而回收；若需要更低的冷温度，可以再连接液氮制冷，从而提高VOCs 回收率。

　　① The operating temperature of the pre cooler is above the freezing point of each component of the mixed gas. When the temperature of the mixed gas entering the device drops to 4 ℃, most of the water can be removed, and mechanical refrigeration can condense most of the VOCs into liquid for recovery; If a lower cooling temperature is required, liquid nitrogen refrigeration can be connected to improve the VOCs recovery rate.

　　②运行过程中，应密切注意冷凝温度。降低冷凝温度，可以提高压缩机制冷量，降低功率消耗，提高制冷系数。但冷凝温度过低会影响到制冷剂的循环量，使制冷量下降。

　　② During operation, close attention should be paid to the condensation temperature. Lowering the condensation temperature can increase the cooling capacity of the compressor, reduce power consumption, and improve the refrigeration coefficient. However, a low condensation temperature can affect the circulation of refrigerant, resulting in a decrease in cooling capacity.

　　③ R402a 与R402b 作为短期制冷剂能够发挥很好的效果，而R404a 与R407a 可以作为长期使用制冷剂。

　　③ R402a and R402b can perform well as short-term refrigerants, while R404a and R407a can be used as long-term refrigerants.

　　④一般对于油气回收集成工艺来说，冷凝段温度可控制在-40～-50℃（为了使回收装置的排放浓度控制在很低水平）或-20～-30℃（为了使回收装置的投资成本及能耗控制在低水平）。二、其他要求控制和调整压缩机吸气压力、排气压力、膨胀阀前的制冷剂温度等在合理范围内。如下为冷凝装置运行维护要求：附：VOCs深冷回收设备与建筑物/设施的安全距离解析（来源网络）1，关于VOCs/油气冷凝回收处理装置选址的依据（油气冷凝回收处理装置——罐区甲、乙类泵或泵房）Q/SH0117-2007《油气回收系统工程技术导则》第3.2条：油气回收装置宜靠近油罐车发油栈台安装。与其他建筑物防火距离按照《石油库设计规范》（GB50074—2002）表5.0.3中“甲、乙类油品泵房”确定。在炼油厂与其他建筑物防火距离按《石油化工企业设计防火规范》（GB50160—2008）表4.2.12?《石油化工厂总平面布置的防火间距》中“罐区甲、乙类泵或泵房”确定。2，《油品装载系统油气回收设施设计规范》GB50759-2012的规定

　　④ For the integrated process of oil and gas recovery, the temperature of the condensation section can be controlled at -40 to -50 ℃ (to keep the emission concentration of the recovery device at a very low level) or -20 to -30 ℃ (to keep the investment cost and energy consumption of the recovery device at a low level). 2、 Other requirements include controlling and adjusting the suction pressure, discharge pressure, and refrigerant temperature before the expansion valve of the compressor within a reasonable range. The following are the requirements for the operation and maintenance of the condensing device: Attachment: Analysis of the safe distance between VOCs cryogenic recovery equipment and buildings/facilities (source network) 1. The basis for selecting the location of VOCs/oil and gas condensing recovery treatment equipment (oil and gas condensing recovery treatment equipment - tank area Class A and B pumps or pump rooms) Q/SH0117-2007 "Technical Guidelines for Oil and Gas Recovery System Engineering" Article 3.2: Oil and gas recovery equipment should be installed near the oil tank truck oil delivery platform. The fire protection distance from other buildings shall be determined in accordance with Table 5.0.3 of the "Code for Design of Petroleum Depots" (GB50074-2002) for Class A and Class B oil pump rooms. The fire separation distance between the refinery and other buildings shall be determined according to Table 4.2.12 "Fire Separation Distance for General Layout of Petrochemical Plants" in the "Fire Protection Design Code for Petrochemical Enterprises" (GB50160-2008), specifically for Class A and Class B pumps or pump rooms in the tank area. 2. Design Specification for Oil and Gas Recovery Facilities in Oil Loading Systems GB50759-2012

　　综合以两个标准的上数据，油气回收设备在炼油厂油库内，与其他设施、建筑物、构筑物之间的防火距离，最大为与＞10000m?全冷冻式储存液化烃的储罐的距离45m。（可以认为这是油气回收处理装置选址要求的一个极限距离。）

　　Based on the data from two standards, the maximum fire distance between the oil and gas recovery equipment in the refinery oil depot and other facilities, buildings, and structures is 45m from the storage tank for liquefied hydrocarbons with a capacity of more than 10000m ?. This can be considered as an extreme distance required for the site selection of oil and gas recovery and processing equipment. ）

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