一、什么是三次油气回收注：本文只对加油站油气回收做相关阐述，其他行业（油库油气回收、炼油厂油气回收、化工装置油气回收、鹤管油气回收、船岸油气回收等等）油气回收请参照相应规范及要求。加油站油气回收处理装置的工作原理主要包括一次油气回收、?二次油气回收和三次油气回收。?一次油气回收主要在卸油过程中进行，?通过压力平衡原理，?将油罐车卸油时产生的油气收集到油罐车内，?避免油气排放到大气中。?这一过程通过密闭方式实现，?确保加油站和罐车的油罐处于常压状态。?二次油气回收则是在加油过程中，?通过特别设计的油枪和配套的真空泵，?将汽车油箱内的汽油油气回收到加油站油罐内。?这一过程利用真空辅助式油气回收设备，?确保加油过程中油气被有效回收，?减少向大气的排放。?三次油气回收是对储油罐内的油气进行处理，?当储油罐内的油气压力达到启动条件时，?油气回收设备启动，?将油气转化为液态并回收到集液罐或储油罐中。?

　　1、 What is tertiary oil and gas recovery? Note: This article only elaborates on gas station oil and gas recovery. For other industries (oil depot oil and gas recovery, refinery oil and gas recovery, chemical plant oil and gas recovery, crane pipe oil and gas recovery, ship shore oil and gas recovery, etc.), please refer to the corresponding specifications and requirements for oil and gas recovery. The working principle of the gas station oil and gas recovery and treatment device mainly includes primary oil and gas recovery, secondary oil and gas recovery, and tertiary oil and gas recovery. A primary oil and gas recovery is mainly carried out during the unloading process, using the principle of pressure balance to collect the oil and gas generated during the unloading of the oil tanker into the tanker, avoiding the emission of oil and gas into the atmosphere. This process is achieved in a sealed manner to ensure that the oil tanks of gas stations and tankers are at atmospheric pressure. Secondary oil and gas recovery is the process of using specially designed oil guns and matching vacuum pumps to recover gasoline and gas from the car's fuel tank into the gas station's tank during refueling. This process utilizes vacuum assisted oil and gas recovery equipment to ensure effective recovery of oil and gas during refueling, reducing emissions to the atmosphere. Triple oil and gas recovery is the process of treating the oil and gas in the storage tank. When the oil and gas pressure in the storage tank reaches the starting conditions, the oil and gas recovery equipment starts, converting the oil and gas into liquid and recovering it into the collection tank or storage tank. ?

　　二、油气回收设备设施安全要求1、真空泵加油站油气回收真空泵所使用的电机必须符合防爆标准要求，达到EXdIIBT4级别以上。电机外观必须清晰明了，标识应醒目，不得磨损、缺失或模糊。真空泵采用防爆型材料制作，防爆型材料具有优异的防爆性能。在加油站油气回收真空泵中，还需加装防爆装置。一般来说，防爆装置采用压力释放式防爆门或干燥型隔离器，当电机内部产生火花或静电放电时，防爆装置能够及时采取措施，确保泵体内部气体被保持在安全范围内。

　　2、 Safety requirements for oil and gas recovery equipment and facilities: 1. The motor used in the vacuum pump for oil and gas recovery at the gas station must meet explosion-proof standards and reach EXdIIBT4 level or above. The appearance of the motor must be clear and distinct, with prominent markings that are not worn, missing, or blurry. The vacuum pump is made of explosion-proof materials, which have excellent explosion-proof performance. Explosion proof devices need to be installed in the vacuum pump for oil and gas recovery at gas stations. Generally speaking, explosion-proof devices use pressure release explosion-proof doors or dry isolators. When sparks or electrostatic discharge occur inside the motor, the explosion-proof device can take timely measures to ensure that the gas inside the pump body is kept within a safe range.

　　2、加油枪带有油气回收的加油枪与普通加油枪都有本质的区别，内部构造很精密、很复杂。工作中严禁摔、碰撞、拆卸加油枪，加油枪密封圈要保证完好，加油时要注意检查油枪封气罩是否破损。1） 加油枪要避免碰撞、敲击，只能用干布擦拭，并经常保持清洁。2） 加油时应该按正规步骤由低档位开至高档位。3） 油枪枪管处的枪罩要完全罩住汽车油箱口，以免降低油气回收效率。4）加油完毕后，在取出油枪前，应将油枪稍微停留片刻或轻轻抖动油枪，把枪管内的残油流出，之后再把油枪取出并挂枪。5）非专业人员，不得拆卸、维修油枪及配件。3、拉断阀拉断阀也称脱离器，它是在加油枪管受到不当外力拉扯时自动断开并切断油路、气路的装置。日常加油时不要人为故意大力拉拽或旋扭，如有意外拉断事件发生，要尽量收集断开后所散落的零件、不要丢弃，并及时通知厂家进行恢复。严禁使用不同品牌配件混搭使用。4、加油枪管油气回收胶管不同于普通胶管，不论哪个品牌都是内外两层，不同的品牌内部构造和安装方式也有所不同。1）不要用力拉扯、碾压加油枪管。2）加油枪管不得落在加油岛以外的地面上。3）严禁压、折胶管；严禁车辆对胶管进行碾压。4）如果胶管发生断裂，要及时更换。5）如果发生压、折或碾压事件，但外观上无法判断胶管内部是否断裂，请及时通知厂家派人进行检测。6）严禁使用不同品牌配件混搭使用。5、油气分离器油气分离器的主要作用是将回收的气路和油路分离，是油气回收非常重要的部件。除发现油气分离器处渗油情况外，加油站操作人员不要轻易拆卸、更换。

　　2. The refueling gun with oil and gas recovery has essential differences from ordinary refueling guns, as its internal structure is very precise and complex. It is strictly prohibited to drop, collide, or disassemble the fuel gun during work. The sealing ring of the fuel gun must be kept intact, and when refueling, attention should be paid to checking whether the sealing cover of the fuel gun is damaged. 1) The fuel gun should avoid collisions and impacts, and can only be wiped with a dry cloth and kept clean regularly. 2) When refueling, you should follow the proper steps to shift from low gear to high gear. 3) The gun cover at the barrel of the oil gun should completely cover the fuel tank opening of the car to avoid reducing the efficiency of oil and gas recovery. 4) After refueling, before removing the oil gun, the oil gun should be held for a moment or gently shaken to drain the residual oil from the barrel. Then, the oil gun should be removed and hung. 5) Non professionals are not allowed to disassemble or repair oil guns and accessories. 3. Pull off valve, also known as a release device, is a device that automatically disconnects and cuts off the oil and gas circuits when the refueling gun barrel is pulled by improper external forces. Do not intentionally pull or twist during daily refueling. In case of accidental breakage, try to collect the scattered parts after disconnection, do not discard them, and promptly notify the manufacturer for recovery. It is strictly prohibited to mix and match accessories from different brands. 4. The oil and gas recovery hose for refueling gun barrels is different from ordinary hoses. Regardless of the brand, it has two layers inside and outside, and the internal structure and installation methods of different brands are also different. 1) Do not forcefully pull or crush the fuel barrel. 2) The refueling gun barrel shall not fall on the ground outside the refueling island. 3) It is strictly prohibited to press or fold the rubber hose; Vehicles are strictly prohibited from crushing rubber hoses. 4) If the hose breaks, it should be replaced in a timely manner. 5) If there is a crushing, folding or crushing event, but it is impossible to determine whether the inside of the hose is broken on the appearance, please notify the manufacturer to send someone for inspection in a timely manner. 6) It is strictly prohibited to mix and match accessories from different brands. 5. The main function of the oil and gas separator is to separate the recovered gas path and oil path, and it is a very important component for oil and gas recovery. Gas station operators should not easily disassemble or replace the oil separator unless oil leakage is found.

　　6、垫片、阀门加油机、工艺管线、储油罐、通气管共同构成密闭的油气回收系统，日常接、卸油品、量油过程中要注意垫片、阀门的密封。

　　6. Gaskets, valves, refueling machines, process pipelines, oil storage tanks, and ventilation pipes together form a closed oil and gas recovery system. During daily oil receiving, unloading, and measuring processes, attention should be paid to the sealing of gaskets and valves.

　　1）带有油气回收的加油机内，有很多铜质管线和接口，长期运行有可能导致其松动、漏气，并形成安全隐患，加油时若发现有较大油气味，要立即停机检查，可用防爆工具紧固松动接口螺母，若找不到泄漏点要及时停机报修。2） 加油机进行油气回收整体改造后，为确保系统的密闭性，应对加油机部分二次回收设备及管路进行密闭检测。7、集液罐集液罐是为了避免管线产生液阻，而设置的必要设施。正常运行时平时要使其上部阀门处于关闭状态。经常检查罐内液位，为确保油气回收设备安全有效运行，当罐内积液达到200mm时必须用手摇泵将其抽净。如集液罐内油品异常增多，应及时通知加油机厂家到站排查原因。

　　1) There are many copper pipelines and interfaces in the fuel dispenser with oil and gas recovery. Long term operation may cause looseness, air leakage, and pose a safety hazard. If a strong oil smell is found during refueling, the machine should be stopped immediately for inspection. Explosion proof tools can be used to tighten the loose interface nuts. If the leakage point cannot be found, the machine should be stopped in time for repair. 2) After the overall renovation of the fuel dispenser for oil and gas recovery, in order to ensure the airtightness of the system, the secondary recovery equipment and pipelines of the fuel dispenser should be inspected for airtightness. 7. Liquid collection tank is a necessary facility set up to avoid liquid resistance in pipelines. During normal operation, the upper valve should be kept closed. Regularly check the liquid level in the tank. To ensure the safe and effective operation of the oil and gas recovery equipment, when the accumulated liquid in the tank reaches 200mm, it must be pumped out with a hand pump. If there is an abnormal increase in oil in the collection tank, the fuel dispenser manufacturer should be notified promptly to investigate the cause at the station.

　　三、油气回收安全操作注意事项安全操作：在使用油气回收设备之前，确保熟悉设备的操作手册和安全规程。遵循正确的操作程序，使用个人防护装备，如手套、护目镜等，确保人员的安全。

　　3、 Precautions for safe operation of oil and gas recovery: Before using oil and gas recovery equipment, ensure familiarity with the equipment's operation manual and safety regulations. Follow the correct operating procedures and use personal protective equipment such as gloves, goggles, etc. to ensure the safety of personnel.

　　设备检查：在每次使用之前，检查设备是否完好无损。确保所有管道、阀门和接口连接紧密，并且没有泄漏现象。检查电气设备是否正常工作，如电源、开关等。

　　Equipment inspection: Before each use, check whether the equipment is intact and undamaged. Ensure that all pipelines, valves, and interfaces are tightly connected and free from leaks. Check if electrical equipment is working properly, such as power supplies, switches, etc.

　　清洁维护：保持设备的清洁是重要的，特别是对于油气回收设备中的滤网和过滤器。定期清理或更换滤网，以确保设备的正常运行和油气回收效果。

　　Cleaning and maintenance: Keeping equipment clean is important, especially for the filters and screens in oil and gas recovery equipment. Regularly clean or replace the filter screen to ensure the normal operation of the equipment and the effectiveness of oil and gas recovery.

　　定期保养：按照设备制造商提供的维护计划进行定期维护。这可能包括更换零部件、润滑设备、校准仪器等。定期维护可以延长设备的寿命并确保其性能稳定。

　　Regular maintenance: Conduct regular maintenance according to the maintenance plan provided by the equipment manufacturer. This may include replacing parts, lubricating equipment, calibrating instruments, etc. Regular maintenance can extend the lifespan of equipment and ensure its stable performance.

　　正确处理废料：油气回收设备会产生废料，如废油、废水等。必须根据当地的环境法规，采取适当的处理方法。确保废料的正确处置，不对环境造成污染。

　　Proper disposal of waste: Oil and gas recovery equipment will generate waste materials such as waste oil, wastewater, etc. Appropriate disposal methods must be taken in accordance with local environmental regulations. Ensure proper disposal of waste materials without causing pollution to the environment.

　　安全培训：对使用油气回收设备的人员进行培训，使其熟悉设备的操作和注意事项。确保所有使用者都有相关的操作手册，并能随时查阅和遵循。

　　Safety training: Train personnel using oil and gas recovery equipment to familiarize them with the operation and precautions of the equipment. Ensure that all users have relevant operation manuals and can refer to and follow them at any time.

　　定期检查：定期检查油气回收设备的性能和工作状态。这可以帮助及时发现并解决潜在问题，确保设备的正常运行和高效工作。

　　Regular inspection: Regularly check the performance and working condition of oil and gas recovery equipment. This can help identify and resolve potential issues in a timely manner, ensuring the normal operation and efficient functioning of the equipment.

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